Unity is indeed a fundamental principle in Islam, emphasized both in the Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). Allah commands Muslims to remain united and avoid division, and the Prophet (ﷺ) demonstrated this through his words and actions. Below are relevant Quranic verses and authentic Hadiths on this topic:
Quranic Verses on Unity
Surah Al-Imran (3:103)
"And hold firmly to the rope of Allah all together and do not become divided. And remember the favor of Allah upon you—when you were enemies and He brought your hearts together and you became, by His favor, brothers. And you were on the edge of a pit of the Fire, and He saved you from it. Thus does Allah make clear to you His verses that you may be guided."Surah Al-Anfal (8:46)
"And obey Allah and His Messenger, and do not dispute and [thus] lose courage and [then] your strength would depart; and be patient. Indeed, Allah is with the patient."Surah Al-Hujurat (49:10)
"The believers are but brothers, so make settlement between your brothers. And fear Allah that you may receive mercy."Surah Al-Anbiya (21:92)
"Indeed, this Ummah of yours is one Ummah, and I am your Lord, so worship Me."Surah Al-Mu’minun (23:52-53)
"And indeed, this Ummah of yours is one Ummah, and I am your Lord, so fear Me. But they [people] divided their religion among themselves into sects—each faction, in what it has, rejoicing."
Authentic Hadiths on Unity
Hadith on Brotherhood & Unity
The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
"A believer to another believer is like a building whose different parts support each other." Then he clasped his hands with the fingers interlaced. (Bukhari 481, Muslim 2585)
Hadith on Avoiding Division
The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
"Whoever separates from the Jama’ah (main body of Muslims) by even a handspan has thrown off the yoke of Islam from his neck." (Abu Dawud 4758, authenticated by Al-Albani)
Hadith on Unity in Leadership
The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
"When three of you are together, then one of you should be made the leader." (Abu Dawud 3766, Sahih)
Hadith on the Importance of Jama’ah (Community)
The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
"The hand of Allah is with the Jama’ah (united group), and whoever deviates, deviates to Hell." (Tirmidhi 2167, Hasan)
Hadith on Reconciling Between Muslims
The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
"Shall I not inform you of something more excellent in degree than fasting, prayer, and charity? They said: Indeed! He said: Reconciling between people, for indeed strife between people is the shaver (destructive)." (Abu Dawud 4919, Sahih)
Conclusion
Unity is a divine command from Allah and a Sunnah of the Prophet (ﷺ). Muslims are instructed to remain united, avoid sectarianism, and resolve conflicts peacefully. Disunity weakens the Ummah, while unity brings strength, mercy, and divine support.
Surah Al-An'am (6:159)
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ فَرَّقُوا دِينَهُمْ وَكَانُوا شِيَعًا لَّسْتَ مِنْهُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ ۚ إِنَّمَا أَمْرُهُمْ إِلَى اللَّـهِ ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ
"Indeed, those who have divided their religion and become sects—you, [O Muhammad], are not [associated] with them in anything. Their affair is only [left] to Allah; then He will inform them about what they used to do."
Meaning & Importance of This Verse
Condemnation of Division – Allah (SWT) strongly disapproves of those who split the religion into factions, as it goes against the unity He has commanded.
Disassociation of the Prophet (ﷺ) – The verse makes it clear that the Prophet (ﷺ) has no connection with those who cause divisions in the Ummah.
Divine Judgment – Allah alone will judge those who promote sectarianism, and they will be held accountable for their actions.
Connection to Other Quranic Verses on Unity
This verse complements the earlier ones (like 3:103, 8:46, 49:10) by:
Warning against breaking unity.
Clarifying that true believers must adhere to the collective Ummah and avoid sectarian disputes.
Emphasizing that the Prophet (ﷺ) and righteous Muslims must distance themselves from divisive groups.
Hadith Reinforcing This Warning
The Prophet (ﷺ) said:
"The Jews split into 71 sects, the Christians split into 72 sects, and my Ummah will split into 73 sects—all of them in the Fire except one."
When asked which group would be saved, he replied:
"The one that follows what I and my companions are upon." (Sunan Ibn Majah 3992, Abu Dawud 4597 – Hasan/Sahih)
Key Lessons
Unity is Obligatory – Muslims must remain united upon the Quran and Sunnah as understood by the Salaf (early righteous generations).
Sectarianism is Forbidden – Dividing into factions based on opinions, blind following, or innovations leads to divine displeasure.
Stick to the Main Body (Jama’ah) – The Prophet (ﷺ) commanded adherence to the majority of Muslims and warned against isolationism.